林业化学除草技术的研究

从1974～1990年,在苗圃、幼林、造林地及防火线上筛选适用的除草剂,结果表明:松、杉苗圃以除草醚、果尔作土壤处理,防效达90％以上,高于1m的松、杉、阔叶树、果树以草甘膦作叶面喷洒,防效达85％以上;造林地以草甘膦、2,4-D丁酯、草甘膦+调节膦及威尔柏+草甘膦作叶面喷洒,防杂草、灌木效果达95％,防火线上以草甘膦与调节膦或威尔柏混用为好。在室内生测表明:草甘膦+调节膦有增效作用,草甘膦具有解偶联剂作用,抑制膜上ATP酶活性。     

瓜叶菊耐热无性系Z1-1-1的离体筛选与初步鉴定

以瓜叶菊增殖期的愈伤组织和丛生芽为材料,用高温胁迫和羟脯氨酸 (HYP)分别作为直接和间接选择压,进行瓜叶菊耐热无性系的离体筛选.结果表明:1) 40℃ 16～20h胁迫处理可以作为瓜叶菊耐热无性系离体直接筛选的适宜选择压,30 mmol·L-1 HYP 可以作为瓜叶菊耐热无性系离体间接筛选的适宜浓度;2) 经过高温间隔胁迫多代筛选获得了与其母株相比耐热性有了很大提高的无性系Z1-1-1;3) Z1-1-1 和其对照母株Z1的30 d移栽苗在叶片厚度、气孔指数、栅栏组织厚度/海绵组织厚度方面存在显著差异,另外,成年植株Z1-1-1 和Z1在花的育性上差异明显,Z1结实率85%以上,而Z1-1-1的结实率在人工授粉的情况下也仅1.0%;4) 在40℃ 24h胁迫后,Z1-1-1的热害指数、细胞丙二醛(MDA)含量、电解质伤害性外漏率远远低于其对照母株,而POD、SOD活性明显高于其对照母株,存在显著性差异.     

鹅掌楸属树种种源试验研究

以木兰科鹅掌楸属的2个种，即中国鹅掌楸和北美鹅掌楸的17个种源试验林为材料，分析了各种源12a生时的生长量。结果表明：生长量在两个种间差异明显，北美鹅掌楸明显优于中国鹅掌楸；同时，生长量在种内不同种源间也存在显著差异，而种源内个体间差异不显著。对中国鹅掌楸12个种源的生长量与地理、气候因子的相关分析结果表明中国鹅掌楸的生长量有从南至北逐渐增加的趋势，呈现出渐变群的地理变异模式；而生长量与气候因子相关不大。通过聚类分析，可将中国鹅掌楸12个种源分为两大类。     

四个生长季高浓度CO_2处理长白松的气孔响应(英文)

在长白山站以开顶箱方式对4 年生长白松连续4 个生长季进行CO2 处理,包括700 和500 μmolmol-1 高浓度CO2,以及接受空气CO2的对照箱和不扣箱的裸露地条件(约350 μmolmol-1 CO2),通过测定气孔导度(gs),ci/ca比及气孔数量等指标评价气孔对高浓度CO2的响应。气孔导度及ci/ca比的转换实验表明,在各自生长CO2下和在相同测定CO2 下进行比较时,生长在高浓度CO2 下植株的气孔导度要高于空气CO2 下对照组植株的气孔导度(除700 μmol mol-1 CO2 下的植株在生长CO2 浓度下及在350 μmol mol-1 CO2 下测定时的气孔导度低于裸地植株外)。在各自生长CO2浓度下测定时,高浓度CO2下植株的ci/ca比低于对照组植株,但在相同测定CO2浓度下比较时,却是高浓度CO2下植株的ci/ca高于对照组植株的ci/ca比。高浓度CO2下植株与对照组植株在每单位长度气孔数量上无明显差异,但高浓度CO2通过降低气孔线数使长白松当年生针叶的总气孔数量降低,并且改变了气孔在针叶上、下表面的分配模式。表4 参18。     

遥感数字图像的无缝镶嵌

在遥感图像的应用中,当研究区处于几幅图像的交界处或研究区较大需多幅图像才能覆盖时,常常需要把覆盖研究区的那些图像进行配准并把这些图像镶嵌起来,才能更好地统一处理、解译分析和研究.以航空像片为例,利用图像处理软件ERMAPPER 6.2对图像进行数字镶嵌并作无缝接边处理.结果表明:这样,大大改善了镶嵌后图像的质量,解决了手工镶嵌图像中接缝偏移、色调不均匀、地质界线延伸、影像错位等许多问题 (大幅图像尤其明显),为后期的图像处理创造良好的基础.目前出现的米级高分辨率的卫星图像同本次采用的航空像片在波段和分辨率上具有相似性,因此本研究对这些高分辨率卫星图像的镶嵌同样适用.     

混交造林模式与用苗量计算

混交图式是造林学中的一个基本概念,生产中经常要用到它。它虽然有看图易懂的特点,但存在着三个缺陷:(1)画图难度较大,增加了造林作业设计工作量;(2)在造林类型表中无法表示,因此需要附加图式;(3)用苗量难以计算。为了克服混交图式上述缺陷,我们探讨试用混交造林模式表达混交图式。混交造林模式虽然克服了混交图式的缺陷,但不能代替造林典型设计图,尤其在某些特殊立地条件下,如在流动风沙地的不同类型沙丘上造林,农田防护林的营造和庭园绿化     

Relationships of climate change and tree ring of Betula ermanii tree line forest in Changbai Mountain

Based on the tree-ring growth characteristics of Erman＇s birch （Betula ermanii charm.） and the relationships between it and climatic ）＇actors at elevation of 1950m, the sensitivity of tree lines in Changbai Mountain to climatic factors was assessed. The results indicated tree line forest in Changbai Mountain had an obvious sensitivity to climate factors. However, difference from other study sits is that the main climatic control factor on tree-ring growth was not current growth season temperatures, as might be expected, but previous winter and current March temperature. Although the precipitation in the region was quite abundant, the tree-ring growth was still significantly correlated with the precipitation during previous winter and current spring. Additionally, climatic factors which influenced the Erman＇s birch growth were not the yearly variables, but seasonal and monthly variables. Therefore, the reported increase in yearly mean temperature and total yearly precipitation since 1980s was not responded by sustained increase in ring widths in recent decades.     

辣椒新品种驻椒21的选育

驻椒21是以辣椒雄性不育两用系AB0582为母本,以自交系B0318为父本选育而成的辣椒一代杂种。早熟,全生育182d(天)果实羊角形,果长19.2cm,果宽3.7cm,平均单果质量44.6g,青熟果黄绿色,每667m2产量3380kg左右,辣椒素含量26.2mg·kg-1,VC含量1040mg·kg-1。适宜早春保护地和春露地地膜覆盖栽培。     

Promoting effect of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A heavy chain on neuritogenesis in cultured Neuro-2a cells

AIM: To observe the neuritogenic actions of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A heavy chain (BoNT/A HC) on cultured Neuro-2a cells and to investigate the related signaling mechanisms for the effect of BoNT/A HC. METHODS: Neuro-2a cells were treated with different doses of BoNT/A HC (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 nmol/L), and then the cells were harvested at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h of BoNT/A HC exposure for detecting the neurite length and the percen-tage of the cells with neuronal processes by immunofluorescence staining. The most efficient dose of BoNT/A HC was chosen for exposure to Neuro-2a cells as the above. Whole cell protein was harvested at different time points for detecting the protein levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) by Western blot. RESULTS: Low doses of BoNT/A HC stimulated the neurite outgrowth, and increased the percentage of the cells with neurites compared with the negative controls (P<0.05), especially in the group with 1 nmol/L of BoNT/A HC treatment. Meanwhile, the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt was increased after treated with BoNT/A HC. There was an increasing tendency for the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 after the exposure of the cells to BoNT/A HC. The obvious increase in p-ERK1/2 was seen from 60 min to 5 h with 1 nmol/L of BoNT/A HC treatment (P< 0.05), and the increased protein level of p-Akt was mainly observed at 15 min and 60 min (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: BoNT/A HC stimulates the neuritogenesis. The neuritogenic mechanism of BoNT/A HC on Neuro-2a cells might be realized by activation of the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt.     

加快转产项目建设积极进行产业、产品结构调整

本文结合大兴安岭地区的实际情况,以实施“天保工程”为出发点,分析了转产项目建设面临的诸多问题,并提出了改革建议和转产项目开发建设应遵循的原则及发展方向。